Inteligencia artificial generativa en la educación superior: aplicada a la investigación científica del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26820/reciamuc/9.(4).diciembre.2025.135-154Keywords:
Inteligencia artificial generativa, Educación superior, Integridad académica, Enseñanza y aprendizaje, Revisión sistemática, Ética académica, Innovación pedagógicaAbstract
La irrupción de la inteligencia artificial generativa está transformando profundamente la educación superior, generando una nueva era que debe ser rigurosamente evaluada para garantizar su implementación ética y efectiva. Este trabajo propone una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica publicada entre 2019 y 2025 mediante la adhesión estricta al protocolo PRISMA. En base a esto, el objetivo consiste en delinear las oportunidades y riesgos, así como los marcos de implementación de la IAG a través de todas las etapas incluidas en la unión del conocimiento científico en la formación y el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje científico en la educación superior. En total, de los 1,250 registros iniciales, se incluyeron al trabajo 40 estudios, de los cuales el 60% son revisiones sistemáticas, el 20% estudios empíricos y el 20% restante, propuestas teóricas. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar tres áreas de oportunidad claras. Estos son segmentos de aprendizaje personalizados; automatización de tareas rutinarias por parte del sistema, y el desarrollo tierno de la adquisición de habilidades cognitivas complejas. Además, se identificaron algunos riesgos críticos, como la propagación de las brechas digitales entre los estudiantes en casos de limitaciones de infraestructura o acceso a la tecnología. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de la IAG para la investigación científica, de cara a su potencial como generadora y la serie de riesgos e inversiones asociados con ella. Se discuten las implicancias para una EMEP basada en la IAG, que abogan por el diseño de marcos institucionales para promover la equidad, la alfabetización digital y la ética robusta para el uso de tecnologías generativas. Subárea de índices:
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